Why kidneys stop working?

Kidneys taken from the blood excess water and unnecessary materials and turn them into urine. Urine (urine) is then released from the body. Most people have two kidneys. A person can live and be healthy with one kidney.
Renal function:
release excess water and unnecessary matter,
processed liquid and chemical substances to the human body,
control blood pressure,
controlling the body's hormones that create new red blood cells.

Kidney failure is also called renal failure. If the kidneys cease to perform its function, excess body fluids and unnecessary substances can not get rid of the body. This may occur because of illness or damages incurred due to injury. There are two types of kidney failure: acute and chronic.
Acute kidney failure
Acute kidney failure is the sudden loss of kidney function that takes a few hours or days. The causes may be:
severe inflammation (infection)
severe burns,
injury or decrease blood flow to the kidneys,
low blood pressure,
blockage of the urinary tract,
heart failure,
chemical poisoning or drug intoxication.
Often the condition of the kidneys can be improved if the cause of the problem is detected and treated promptly.
Chronic Kidney Failure
To chronic kidney failure occurs when the kidneys gradually lose their function. It is a lifelong disease that can not be improved.
The causes may be:
diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease,
kidney stones
problems or blockage in the urinary tract,
lupus - an autoimmune disease,
scleroderma - a disease of the skin and connective tissue,
chronic inflammation (infection)
drug use,
poisons.
The signs of chronic kidney failure include:
swelling of the hands, face or feet
changes in the frequency of urination,
feeling very tired or exhaustion,
headache, confusion,
nausea or vomiting;
loss of appetite,
shortness of breath,
itching of the skin.
Chronic kidney failure can not be cured but can be treated with diet changes and medication. When the kidneys lose most of their functions, called end stage renal failure, a few days a week dialysis is needed.A kidney transplant may also be an option for the treatment of this disease.