Bladder infections

Bladder infections are the most common infections and lead to symptoms of burning sensation when urinating and frequent need to urinate. Infection of the bladder is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI). Bladder infections more common in women than in men. Most women experiencing uncomplicated bladder infection that is easily treated with antibiotics brief therapy. In men, bladder infections, and can hit the prostate and may be required longer treatment.

CAUSES bladder infections - urinary tract includes the kidneys (which filter the urine), ureters (tubes that conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder), the bladder (where urine collects) and the urethra (the tube that conducts urine from the bladder). In these parts of the body usually has bacteria.However, they are women and men who are not circumcised are very close. Do bladder infections occur when bacteria get through the urethra into the bladder.

Factors that increase the risk of bladder infection:

Vaginal sex
The use of spermicides
History of urinary bladder
Diabetes
The risk of bladder infections is increased in men who are circumcised or who practice anal.

Symptoms of bladder - Typical symptoms of a bladder infection are:

Pain or burning sensation when urinating
Frequent Urination
Urgent need to urinate
Blood in the urine
Fever, back pain, nausea or vomiting are common symptoms of a bladder infection but can occur in people with kidney infection (pyelonephritis). If you notice these symptoms, you must immediately inform your doctor.

Is it an infection of the bladder or something else? - A burning sensation when urinating may occur in patients with vaginitis (eg yeast infection) or urethritis (inflammation of the urethra). Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor before you assume that it is a bladder infection.

Diagnosis of infection in the bladder - simple bladder infection is usually diagnosed based on symptoms only. However, most patients, especially those who for the first time show symptoms of a bladder infection, you should go to a doctor for examination of urine.

Urine culture - Urine culture is a test in which a urine sample is used in the laboratory to try to develop micro-organisms in it. To get the results usually takes 48 hours to pass.

TREATMENT bladder infection

Infection of the bladder - In young, healthy adolescents and adults with normal bladder infection treatment involves antibiotic therapy for three to seven days. Typically used antibiotics are trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim ®), nitrofurantoin (Macrobid ®), ciprofloxacin (Cipro ®) or levofloxacin (Levaquin ®).

In men, the infection can affect the prostate and treatment usually lasts for at least 7 days.

Symptoms should subside within one year after the start of treatment. It is very important to finish the entire treatment with antibiotics to cure the infection completely. Call a doctor if symptoms last longer than two to three days after treatment started.

If necessary, you can use a drug that dulls sensation in the bladder and urethra (fenazopiridin [Pyridium ®]) that in some cases UTI reduced the tingling sensation. A similar drug can be obtained without a prescription (eg Uristat). Both drugs change the color of urine (usually a blue or orange) and may affect laboratory testing. These drugs should not be used longer than 48 hours because of the risk of side effects. These drugs do not treat an infection and antibiotics must be taken.

Some doctors recommend large amounts of fluid in the treatment of urinary tract infections to help flush bacteria from the bladder. Others believe that taking more fluid can antibiotic classes in the bladder and thus make them weaker. There are no studies that deal with this issue.

Also, there are no good studies of the effectiveness of cranberry juice in the treatment of bladder infections;

Care after illness - If symptoms persist, follow up testing is not necessary in healthy young men and women with bladder infections. Pregnant women are usually asked to do a control urine culture a week or two after the procedure to check if the urine is still finding bacteria.

The reappearance of bladder infection

Bladder infections and other causes - Some adults, particularly women, bladder infections are common. In this case it is important to confirm that the symptoms (eg, pain or tingling, often urgent urination) caused by infection of the bladder. Symptoms are usually similar in each infection. Urine culture is the best way to determine bladder infections.

If the urine culture is negative for infection should examine other causes of pain, burning and frequent urination. There is no need to use antibiotics if the urine culture is negative.

The need for additional testing - It is possible to will require additional tests if you have frequent bladder infections. This is especially true when there are possibilities that there are abnormalities in the kidneys, ureters, bladder or urethra, or if there is a kidney stone.

Testing for these disorders may include computer tomography (CT), ultrasound or cystoscope (observing the interior of the bladder using a thin instrument with a light like a telescope).

You should do more testive and if cured after a bladder infection you notice blood in your urine.

Prevention of recurrence of UTI - women with frequent urinary tract can suggest methods of prevention, which can be:

Changes in birth control - Women who often have a urinary tract infection, and spermicide use, especially those that use a diaphragm and can be encouraged to use another method of birth control.

Products Cranberry - Use juice or other cranberry products are promiviše as a way of preventing frequent urinary tract infections. This, however, is not proven.

Large amounts of fluids and urinating after intercourse - Although studies have shown that taking large amounts of fluids and urinating after intercourse can prevent infection, some doctors recommend it because it is not harmful. Drinking large amounts of fluids can help to flush bacteria from the bladder.

Postmenopausal women - Postmenopausal women who often have bladder infections may benefit from vaginal estrogen. Vaginal estrogen in the form of a flexible ring that is worn inside the Vega for three months (eg, Estring ®), small tablets (Vagifem ®), or cream (eg, Premarin ® or Estrace ®). A vaginal estrogen'll talk more in the second booklet.

Antibiotics - Preventive treatment with antibiotics can often will recommend if you have a bladder infection and have not responded to other preventive measures. Antibiotics are very effective in preventing recurrence of bladder infections and can be taken in many ways.

Preventive antibiotics - Low doses of antibiotics can be taken once daily or three times a week for six months to several years.
Antibiotics after sexual intercourse - one, a small dose of antibiotics after intercourse can help women with frequent bladder infections.
Self-treatment - in some situations it is recommended initiation of antibiotics after the first sign of infection. It is important to do tests (urine) before you start this mode to determine if the symptoms are a result of infection, some people have symptoms of urinary tract infection, but no infection.