Glomerulonephritis

The term glomerulonephritis is used for several related diseases that suffer most glomeruli, tiny filters in the kidneys. Damage is usually the result of inflammation caused by abnormal proteins that are retained in the glomeruli.

In healthy kidneys, blood passes through the glomeruli, and get out of it filtered certain chemicals (although all these compounds are not waste products). Most of the water and some chemical compounds which are useful for the body (eg glucose), then returned to the bloodstream.

The remaining waste products accumulate in the form of urine and the urethra into the bladder go. In glomerulonephritis, glomerular negatively affect this process. In most cases, red blood cells reach the glomeruli into the urine. The proteins can cross the blood in the urine, if the excessive loss of protein, as in children, there is a disease called neurotic syndrome. If it is damaged more and more glomeruli, the kidney is less and less filtered and regulated by the chemical composition of blood. In the body of accumulated waste products, leading to so-called. renal failure.

Glomerulonephritis can occur in mild and severe form. It may be acute, ie. flare up in a few days, or chronic, ie. develop months or years.

Symptoms of glomerulonephritis

Mildest forms of glomerulonephritis are not accompanied by any symptoms, and the boles; revealed only when urine tests carried out for some other reason. In some cases, urine may be turbid (due to the presence of a small number of blood cells) or bright red (a sign of a larger number of blood cells).

If you get severe acute due to its round-rulonefritisa, you will feel generally ill, with lethargy, nausea and vomiting (which are symptoms of a form of kidney failure). You'll probably throw a small amount of urine, and there will be a buildup of fluid in body tissues (edema), which as you will notice swelling under the skin, especially around the ankles. If the fluid builds up in your chest, you will feel the loss of breath.

The incidence of glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is a common disease. In British hospitals to treat the disease only 1 person in the 7000th Glomerulonephritis is 0,16-0.2% in autopsied. The acute form of glomerulonephritis occurs mostly in children.

Dangers of glomerulonephritis

All forms of glomerulonephritis are dangerous primarily because it can lead to kidney failure. The disease can cause high blood pressure and anemia because the kidneys play a role in the regulation of chemicals that govern blood pressure and red blood cells.

What to do?

If you have any symptoms of glomerulonephritis, contact your doctor to refer you to the results of urine. If results indicate the possibility of glomerulonephritis, you will need a few days in the hospital for additional tests, such as intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and renal biopsy tissue.

Treatment of glomerulonephritis

Many forms of glomerulonephritis are so mild that they do not require specific treatment. Some forms can be treated with corticosteroids or cytostatics.

If you have edema, sometimes to help a diuretic. Treatment is needed if you have high blood pressure.If you are due to the disease become anemic, you will need iron pills and vitamins, and possibly blood transfusions. If, due to glomerulonephritis develop kidney failure, your doctor will take care of appropriate therapy.

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Chronic glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the kidney where the glomeruli are affected, and the possible development of renal failure. The most common causes of glomerulonephritis include: bacteria, viruses and fungi.

STATEMENT

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the kidney where the glomeruli are affected, and the possible development of renal failure. The most common pathogens responsible for the development of glomerulonephritis include: bacteria, viruses and fungi.

Acute glomerulonephritis usually occurs after infection of throat or skin beta-hemolytic streptococcus. But the infection can be due to other bacteria or viruses. However, in many cases where it is not preceded by acute glomerulonephritis, the cause is unknown.

Chronic glomerulonephritis can sometimes occur after an acute glomerulonephritis. In most patients the initial symptoms are: swelling of the ankles, reddish color of urine, polyuria, headache and dizziness.

DIAGNOSIS

The simplest analysis that may lead to suspicion of glomerulonephritis is the analysis of urine. If the proteins present in the urine, it is a sign of glomerular damage. Proteinuria can be a sign of lumbar lordosis, renal or lowered orthostatic proteinuria, and proteinuria are the other important findings, which may be obtained from the urine sediment.Analysis of sediment can show a number of erythrocytes. Determination of plasma in one minute, filtered through the glomeruli (in normal conditions is 120 ml / min) is another important test. Testing known even for a layman to determine urea. Increase in urea is often a sign of kidney failure.

A kidney biopsy is done when clinical symptoms and laboratory findings indicate the suspicion of chronic glomerulonephritis. Biopsy to differentiate types of changes in nephropathy. It determines the development of different diseases and creates the possibility of distinguishing primary from secondary glomerulonephritis, which has important therapeutic implications.

Basic Histological are focal glomerulosclerosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, a membrane-ploriferativni glomerulonephritis and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis.

THERAPY

It is important to reduce the patient's physical activity and do not expose it to unnecessary effort, but not absolutely necessary to rest, because it favors catabolism.The patient should be able to protect against influenza infection or cold. The patient should get exactly as much liquid and loses and has to be accurately measured.

When taking food to watch out for the energy needs, but should reduce the intake of salt and protein. The therapy using corticosteroids with symptomatic therapy. If there is a stronger deterioration, the patient has to go on dialysis.

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